After years of independent development, the domestic heavy-duty trucks have grown from 120,000 to 130,000 units in annual sales to nearly 700,000 units by the end of 2009. From the standpoint of vehicle structure, they have grown from flat-bed trucks to tractors, dump trucks, and vans. Vehicles, tank trucks, and all kinds of trucks have a broad spectrum of products; in addition, the cab is mainly developed from long heads to flat heads; gasoline engines are mainly developed to diesel engines; medium-sized ones are mainly developed to heavy ones; With the implementation of the National III emission regulations, the fuels have evolved from the era of mechanical control to the era of electronic control. These are the manifestations of technological progress in China's truck industry. At the same time, the lack of truck core technology still exists.
Technological progress and economical matching
Technological progress must meet the economic requirements. China is a developing country. The modern logistics industry started relatively late. Most of the transportation is still relatively simple and simple. The level of phased logistics development makes transportation a relatively low barrier to entry, and large transportation companies account for a low percentage of total road transport. "Running transportation" has become a major road for Chinese farmers to become rich. Most of the original truck users were farmers who had been liberated from the land. They had no original accumulation and it was their dream to have a truck to get rich quickly. Therefore, technological progress must closely focus on the objective law of the characteristics of users and reduce the purchases of customers. Cost, use cost.
In 1999, the liberation of the development of 2 tons of king products, to reduce the cost of the original 4 tons of series match, the use of four-cylinder diesel engines, narrow body flat cab, optimize the chassis structure, and achieved market success. Shaanxi Auto optimized the original Steyr series of single-bridge tractors by using a single-row cab, simplified interior and chassis, and achieved success with the “Aolong†brand in the port market. In the 90s of last century, the sales price of heavy-duty vehicles was about 100,000 yuan more than that of medium-heavy vehicles, and sales growth was very difficult. After 2002, heavy-duty vehicles drastically reduced their prices and docked with the needs of users, which coincided with the economic development has entered an outbreak period and formed the situation of “blowout†for heavy vehicles. From 2005, the state began to implement GB7258-2004 "Technical Conditions for the Safe Operation of Motor Vehicles", which stipulated that tractors with a gross weight of over 16 tons must match ABS, etc. Since users did not realize the effect of increasing ABS, the addition of a set of ABS needed to be improved. At a certain cost, this technology has not been popularized so far. The non-electrically controlled in-line mechanical pump + E鄄GR technology used in CNHTC achieved the country's third emissions on the bench, and achieved the country's third emission at the price of the country's second country. The sales volume has risen sharply. The starting point is also aware that technological progress must satisfy users. The economic requirements call for this intrinsic sales driver.
Obvious progress in engine and chassis technology
Including trucks, the focus of technological advancements in automotive products is on the engine. Only by improving economy, power, and reliability can we meet the needs of customers. Compared with gasoline engines, diesel engines have unparalleled advantages in these three aspects. Therefore, the domestic truck industry has undergone a process of shifting from gasoline to diesel. After the completion of the dieselization upgrade, the engine began to increase its power. Initially, the engines on the market, whether they were liberation or east wind, had relatively low power and could only meet the demand of 5 to 8 tons of vehicles. After years of development, truck companies have introduced new engines with more displacement, more advanced technology, and more environmentally friendly emissions, from 6 to 7L to 10 to 12L.
The technical progress of the domestic truck industry is also reflected in the transition from spontaneous combustion to supercharging and supercharged intercooling. In order to meet the requirements of the country's legislation, an electronically controlled common rail and electronically controlled monomer pump technology has been adopted. In order to save fuel, four-valve technology is increasingly used in new products. For example, the CA6DL engine of FAW Wuxi Diesel Engine Factory first adopted this technology in China. The average fuel consumption of the engine is 3 to 5L lower than that of similar products. Medium and heavy truck engine technology has experienced the development of dieselization, power upgrade, and electric control. At present, the level of domestic engines is increasingly in line with international standards.
The chassis includes the drive train, the carrier train, the driving train, and the steering system. The progress of chassis technology reflects the overall enhancement of the vehicle's carrying capacity and safety performance. The original medium-sized goods vehicles in China gradually developed into heavy-duty vehicles through continuous strengthening of the chassis system. At present, the technology of the chassis is not limited to improving the bearing capacity, improving the reliability, comfort, and safety, and the development of lightweight, high-speed products has become the demand of users. With the improvement of various laws and regulations of the country and the further standardization of highway governance, the previous model of relying on overloaded profit has been replaced by a safe and efficient transportation concept.
Heavy-duty trucks use high-strength steel plates to reduce the cross-sectional width and thickness of the frame, use less leaf springs, air suspension, vacuum tires and other technologies to achieve reduced maintenance, increase load capacity, improve load factor, and create better Economic benefits. In order to improve the speed and reliability, the latest truck products can provide a wider choice of speed ratios. The main transmission gear shifts from 6th gear to 9th gear and 12th gear. The application of double countershaft technology is well adapted to the complex use in China. Conditions ensure the reliability of the vehicle. The 7-ton, 9-ton front axle, 13-ton and 16-ton rear axles have increased the carrying capacity of the entire vehicle. The extensive use of wheel reduction bridges has greatly improved the reliability. The axle housing technology has also evolved from the traditional casting process to the flash welding. , Cast steel, and pipe-type internal-rising, etc. In the past, the rear axle with a high speed ratio adapted to overloading was gradually replaced by a small-speed rear axle capable of increasing the vehicle speed. Hydraulically assisted steering changes the mode of operation of the mechanical steering. The use of a keyed transmission shaft instead of a bolted connection provides a more reliable and energy-efficient power transmission process. Modular, centralized lubrication, maintenance-free suspension, second-generation wheel bearings, automatic adjustment arm and other technology applications save on maintenance time. The continuous upgrading of the chassis technology in China's truck industry provides users with stronger carrying capacity and more reliable quality assurance.
The lack of core technology needs to be solved
After years of development, the technology level of China's truck industry has shortened the gap with the world level, with production and sales ranking among the top in the world. However, there are still defects in the core technology, such as power system, electronic control system, brake safety system, body and chassis. In terms of structural optimization and other aspects, there is still a big gap with foreign truck technology. The product's independent research and innovation capability is weak and it does not have a good grasp of product development processes, processes, management techniques, project management and evaluation techniques.
For example: internationally, the power of heavy-duty trucks has basically reached more than 400 horsepower; truck emissions have also reached Euro IV, Euro V; fuel injection pressure can reach 2000 to 2400 bar; CR+EGR+DOC (electrical control common rail + exhaust gas recirculation + particulates Catalytic oxidizer, DPF (particulate trap) and SCR (selective catalytic reduction), 2ST (secondary pressurization), VGT (variable geometry turbocharging) technology have been popularized; electronically synchronized with car technology , intelligence, networking. Domestic truck companies have insufficient research and investment in automotive electronics. The direction of the development of road transport in developed countries is specialized, while the product innovation of differentiated products in China is slow, and the homogeneity of low prices is serious. The low profitability has constrained the investment of R&D funds from various companies.
At present, domestic purchasing power, value of goods transported, industry standards, and road conditions determine that high-end brands are not suitable for domestic demand. However, with the rapid increase in GDP per capita, the domestic purchasing power will increase and the demand for domestic high-end trucks will grow rapidly. The truck industry will usher in a huge market opportunity. Producing all types of trucks that meet modern logistics needs and standards has become a priority issue for many truck manufacturers. China's truck industry is bound to enter the era of technological success. Energy-saving, environmentally-friendly, safe, and efficient trucks are the ultimate choice for users.
3 Deck roller Veneer Dryer machine is one of Shine roller type timber veneer drying machine. it utilizes the latest international technology of pressurized contact veneer drying, which has the advantages of simple operation, safety and practicality, stable operation, easy maintenance, hot-pressing-leveling--drying once completed, etc. The use of hot air circulation has greatly reduced the operating costs of enterprises, improved the quality of sheet materials and increased the production volume.
Industrial Tree Shredder,3 Deck Veneer Dryer,Plywood Veneer Drying Lines,Plywood Drying Machine
Shandong Shine Machinery Co.,Ltd , https://www.shinewoodmachine.com